From an email written by Naftali to the author on 24 May 2007 – “The BSC in 1942 was fighting for its existence, as was the OSS. The acquisition of codes/cipher material would have been very useful in the struggle for resources in both intelligence communities. Sigint was then, as now I guess, the coin of the Realm. This was the era, I think, when the OSS was trying to steal sgnals intelligence from the Japanese embassy in Lisbon. Asking why Churchill would risk a back op on a certain date presupposes a great deal of topdown control from London. I find it hard to believe that WSS was on a tight a leash as that. Moreover I think it unlikely that Cynthia’s joint US/UK handlers would have felt they needed a green light from Whitehall. As so often is the case collection decisions involve lags and sometimes the actions prove embarrassing later on.”